“This article begins with an exploration of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and their impacts on the general population. We then examine research on ACEs specific to the AI/AN population. We end by describing strategies to strengthen protective factors that buffer against the impact of ACEs and reduce their deleterious long-term impacts on tribal communities, including substance abuse.”

Author: Anjali Nandi, Ph.D., Associate, National Criminal Justice Training Center of Fox Valley Technical College